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美國通報修訂了2023及以后車型車輛溫室氣體排放標準

編號：G/TBT/N/USA/1760

擬議規則-環境保護局（EPA）提議修訂2023年及以后車型車輛的溫室氣體（GHG）排放標準，使標準更加嚴格。2021年1月20日，拜登總統發布行政命令13990“保護公共衛生和環境，恢復科學以應對氣候危機”?；驈U除之前根據2020年4月頒布的“2021-2026車型年乘用車和輕型卡車的更安全、經濟實惠的燃油效率（SAFE）車輛規則”修訂的標準。SAFE規則大大削弱了2012年制定的標準，其中部分規定了2021-25車型年的GHG標準。EPA認為，鑒于輕型車輛對交通部門GHG排放的重大貢獻，根據《清潔空氣法》，比安全規則中放松的標準更嚴格的標準是合適的。環境保護局建議修訂溫室氣體標準，使其在2023年至2026年的每個車型年都比安全規則標準更為嚴格。環境保護局還建議增加一些靈活性，以鼓勵采用零排放和接近零排放技術的車輛的生產和銷售，以降低合規成本，并解決排放提前期問題擬議的標準。此外，環境保護局正在提出一些技術修正案，以澄清和簡化我們的法規。以制造商合理的成本遵守擬議標準是可行的。擬議的修訂標準將主要通過大幅減少溫室氣體排放量和燃料消耗以及駕駛員支付的相關燃料成本，為公共衛生和福利帶來重大好處，擬議標準的好處將遠遠超過成本。

最后評論日期：2021年9月27日

英文原文：

Proposed rule - The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to revise the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions standards for light-duty vehicles for 2023 and later model years to make the standards more stringent. On 20 January 2021, President Biden issued Executive Order 13990 "Protecting Public Health and the Environment and Restoring Science To Tackle the Climate Crisis" directing EPA to consider whether to propose suspending, revising, or rescinding the standards previously revised under the "The Safer Affordable Fuel-Efficient (SAFE) Vehicles Rule for Model Years 2021-2026 Passenger Cars and Light Trucks," promulgated in April 2020. The SAFE rule significantly weakened the standards established in 2012, which in part set GHG standards for model years 2021-25. EPA believes that in light of the significant contribution of light-duty vehicles to transportation sector GHG emissions, standards more stringent than those relaxed in the SAFE rule are appropriate under the Clean Air Act. EPA is proposing to revise the GHG standards to be more stringent than the SAFE rule standards in each model year from 2023 through 2026. EPA is also proposing to include several flexibilities to incentivize the production and sale of vehicles with zero and near-zero emissions technology to reduce compliance costs and to address the lead time of the proposed standards. In addition, EPA is proposing some technical amendments to clarify and streamline our regulations. Compliance with the proposed standards would be feasible at reasonable costs to manufacturers. The proposed revised standards would result in significant benefits for public health and welfare, primarily through substantial reductions in both GHG emissions and fuel consumption and associated fuel costs paid by drivers, and the benefits of the proposed standards would be far in excess of costs.

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